tracing.cpp

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/*
All original material Copyright (C) 2002-2025 UFO: Alien Invasion.
 
Copyright (C) 1997-2001 Id Software, Inc.
 
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 
See the GNU General Public License for more details.
 
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
 
*/
 
#include "tracing.h"
#include "common.h"
 
/* TR_TILE_TYPE and TR_PLANE_TYPE are defined in tracing.h */
#if defined(COMPILE_MAP)
  #define TR_NODE_TYPE          dBspNode_t
  #define TR_LEAF_TYPE          dBspLeaf_t
  #define TR_BRUSHSIDE_TYPE     dBspBrushSide_t
#elif defined(COMPILE_UFO)
  #define TR_NODE_TYPE          cBspNode_t
  #define TR_LEAF_TYPE          cBspLeaf_t
  #define TR_BRUSHSIDE_TYPE     cBspBrushSide_t
#else
  #error Either COMPILE_MAP or COMPILE_UFO must be defined in order for tracing.c to work.
#endif
 
void boxtrace_s::init (TR_TILE_TYPE* _tile, const int contentmask, const int brushreject, const float fraction)
{
    trace.init();
    trace.surface = nullptr;
    contents = contentmask;
    rejects = brushreject;
    tile = _tile;
    trace.fraction = std::min(fraction, 1.0f);
}
 
/* Optimize the trace by moving the line to be traced across into the origin of the box trace. */
void boxtrace_s::setLineAndBox(const Line& line, const AABB& box)
{
    /* Calculate the offset needed to center the trace about the line */
    box.getCenter(offset);
 
    /* Now remove the offset from bmin and bmax (effectively centering the trace box about the origin of the line)
     * and add the offset to the trace line (effectively repositioning the trace box at the desired coordinates) */
    VectorSubtract(box.mins, offset, this->mins);
    VectorSubtract(box.maxs, offset, this->maxs);
    VectorAdd(line.start, offset, this->start);
    VectorAdd(line.stop, offset, this->end);
}

static int checkcount;
 
/*
===============================================================================
TRACING NODES
===============================================================================
*/

static void TR_MakeTracingNode (TR_TILE_TYPE* tile, tnode_t**  tnode, int32_t nodenum)
{
    tnode_t* t = (*tnode)++;        /* the tracing node to build */
    TR_NODE_TYPE* node = tile->nodes + nodenum;     /* the node we are investigating */
 
#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
    const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = node->plane;
#else
    const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = tile->planes + node->planenum;
#endif
 
    t->type = plane->type;
    VectorCopy(plane->normal, t->normal);
    t->dist = plane->dist;
 
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
        if (node->children[i] < 0) {    /* is it a leaf ? */
            const int32_t leafnum = -(node->children[i]) - 1;
            const TR_LEAF_TYPE* leaf = &tile->leafs[leafnum];
            const uint32_t contentFlags = leaf->contentFlags & ~(1 << 31);
            if ((contentFlags & (CONTENTS_SOLID | MASK_CLIP)) && !(contentFlags & CONTENTS_PASSABLE))
                t->children[i] = -node->children[i] | (1 << 31);    /* mark as 'blocking' */
            else
                t->children[i] = (1 << 31);             /* mark as 'empty leaf' */
        } else {                                        /* not a leaf */
            t->children[i] = *tnode - tile->tnodes;
            if (t->children[i] > tile->numnodes) {
                Com_Printf("Exceeded allocated memory for tracing structure (%i > %i)\n",
                        t->children[i], tile->numnodes);
            }
            TR_MakeTracingNode(tile, tnode, node->children[i]);     /* recurse further down the tree */
        }
    }
}

void TR_BuildTracingNode_r (TR_TILE_TYPE* tile, tnode_t** tnode, int32_t nodenum, int level)
{
    assert(nodenum < tile->numnodes + 6); /* +6 => bbox */

#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
    if (!tile->nodes[nodenum].plane) {
#else
    if (tile->nodes[nodenum].planenum == PLANENUM_LEAF) {
#endif
        TR_NODE_TYPE* n = &tile->nodes[nodenum];
 
        /* alloc new node */
        tnode_t* t = (*tnode)++;
 
        /* no leafs here */
        if (n->children[0] < 0 || n->children[1] < 0)
#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
            Com_Error(ERR_DROP, "Unexpected leaf");
#else
            Sys_Error("Unexpected leaf");
#endif
 
        vec3_t c0maxs, c1mins;
        VectorCopy(tile->nodes[n->children[0]].maxs, c0maxs);
        VectorCopy(tile->nodes[n->children[1]].mins, c1mins);
 
#if 0
        Com_Printf("(%i %i : %i %i) (%i %i : %i %i)\n",
            (int)tile->nodes[n->children[0]].mins[0], (int)tile->nodes[n->children[0]].mins[1],
            (int)tile->nodes[n->children[0]].maxs[0], (int)tile->nodes[n->children[0]].maxs[1],
            (int)tile->nodes[n->children[1]].mins[0], (int)tile->nodes[n->children[1]].mins[1],
            (int)tile->nodes[n->children[1]].maxs[0], (int)tile->nodes[n->children[1]].maxs[1]);
#endif
 
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
            if (c0maxs[i] <= c1mins[i]) {
                /* create a separation plane */
                t->type = i;
                VectorSet(t->normal, i, (i ^ 1), 0);
                t->dist = (c0maxs[i] + c1mins[i]) / 2;
 
                t->children[1] = *tnode - tile->tnodes;
                TR_BuildTracingNode_r(tile, tnode, n->children[0], level);
                t->children[0] = *tnode - tile->tnodes;
                TR_BuildTracingNode_r(tile, tnode, n->children[1], level);
                return;
            }
 
        /* can't construct such a separation plane */
        t->type = PLANE_NONE;
 
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            t->children[i] = *tnode - tile->tnodes;
            TR_BuildTracingNode_r(tile, tnode, n->children[i], level);
        }
    } else {
        /* Make a lookup table */
        tile->cheads[tile->numcheads].cnode = nodenum;
        tile->cheads[tile->numcheads].level = level;
        tile->numcheads++;
        assert(tile->numcheads <= MAX_MAP_NODES);
        /* Make the tracing node. */
        TR_MakeTracingNode(tile, tnode, nodenum);
    }
}
 
 
/*
===============================================================================
LINE TRACING - TEST FOR BRUSH PRESENCE
===============================================================================
*/
 

int TR_TestLine_r (TR_TILE_TYPE* tile, int32_t nodenum, const vec3_t start, const vec3_t end)
{
    float front, back;
    int r;
 
    /* negative numbers indicate leaf nodes. Empty leaf nodes are marked as (1 << 31).
     * Turning off that bit makes us return 0 or the positive node number to indicate blocking. */
    if (nodenum & (1 << 31))
        return nodenum & ~(1 << 31);
 
    const tnode_t* tnode = &tile->tnodes[nodenum];
    assert(tnode);
    switch (tnode->type) {
    case PLANE_X:
    case PLANE_Y:
    case PLANE_Z:
        front = start[tnode->type] - tnode->dist;
        back = end[tnode->type] - tnode->dist;
        break;
    case PLANE_NONE:
        r = TR_TestLine_r(tile, tnode->children[0], start, end);
        if (r)
            return r;
        return TR_TestLine_r(tile, tnode->children[1], start, end);
    default:
        front = DotProduct(start, tnode->normal) - tnode->dist;
        back = DotProduct(end, tnode->normal) - tnode->dist;
        break;
    }
 
    if (front >= -ON_EPSILON && back >= -ON_EPSILON)
        return TR_TestLine_r(tile, tnode->children[0], start, end);
    else if (front < ON_EPSILON && back < ON_EPSILON)
        return TR_TestLine_r(tile, tnode->children[1], start, end);
    else {
        const int side = front < 0;
        const float frac = front / (front - back);
        vec3_t mid;
 
        VectorInterpolation(start, end, frac, mid);
 
        r = TR_TestLine_r(tile, tnode->children[side], start, mid);
        if (r)
            return r;
        return TR_TestLine_r(tile, tnode->children[!side], mid, end);
    }
}
 

static bool TR_TileTestLine (TR_TILE_TYPE* tile, const vec3_t start, const vec3_t end, const int levelmask)
{
    const int corelevels = (levelmask & TL_FLAG_REGULAR_LEVELS);
 
    /* loop over all theads */
    for (int i = 0; i < tile->numtheads; i++) {
        const int level = tile->theadlevel[i];
        if (level && corelevels && !(level & corelevels))
            continue;
        if (level == LEVEL_LIGHTCLIP)   /* lightclips are only used in ufo2map, and it does not use this function */
            continue;
        if (level == LEVEL_ACTORCLIP && !(levelmask & TL_FLAG_ACTORCLIP))
            continue;
        if (level == LEVEL_WEAPONCLIP && !(levelmask & TL_FLAG_WEAPONCLIP))
            continue;
        if (TR_TestLine_r(tile, tile->thead[i], start, end))
            return true;
    }
    return false;
}

bool TR_TestLine (mapTiles_t* mapTiles, const vec3_t start, const vec3_t end, const int levelmask)
{
    for (int tile = 0; tile < mapTiles->numTiles; tile++) {
        if (TR_TileTestLine(&mapTiles->mapTiles[tile], start, end, levelmask))
            return true;
    }
    return false;
}
 
 
/*
===============================================================================
LINE TRACING - TEST FOR BRUSH LOCATION
===============================================================================
*/
 

static int TR_TestLineDist_r (TR_TILE_TYPE* tile, int32_t nodenum, const vec3_t start, const vec3_t end, vec3_t tr_end)
{
    float front, back;
    vec3_t mid;
    int side;
    int r;
 
    if (nodenum & (1 << 31)) {
        r = nodenum & ~(1 << 31);
        if (r)
            VectorCopy(start, tr_end);
        return r;               /* leaf node */
    }
 
    const tnode_t* tnode = &tile->tnodes[nodenum];
    assert(tnode);
    switch (tnode->type) {
    case PLANE_X:
    case PLANE_Y:
    case PLANE_Z:
        front = start[tnode->type] - tnode->dist;
        back = end[tnode->type] - tnode->dist;
        break;
    case PLANE_NONE:
        r = TR_TestLineDist_r(tile, tnode->children[0], start, end, tr_end);
        if (r)
            VectorCopy(tr_end, mid);
        side = TR_TestLineDist_r(tile, tnode->children[1], start, end, tr_end);
        if (side && r) {
            if (VectorNearer(mid, tr_end, start)) {
                VectorCopy(mid, tr_end);
                return r;
            } else {
                return side;
            }
        }
 
        if (r) {
            VectorCopy(mid, tr_end);
            return r;
        }
 
        return side;
    default:
        front = (start[0] * tnode->normal[0] + start[1] * tnode->normal[1] + start[2] * tnode->normal[2]) - tnode->dist;
        back = (end[0] * tnode->normal[0] + end[1] * tnode->normal[1] + end[2] * tnode->normal[2]) - tnode->dist;
        break;
    }
 
    if (front >= -ON_EPSILON && back >= -ON_EPSILON)
        return TR_TestLineDist_r(tile, tnode->children[0], start, end, tr_end);
 
    if (front < ON_EPSILON && back < ON_EPSILON)
        return TR_TestLineDist_r(tile, tnode->children[1], start, end, tr_end);
 
    side = front < 0;
 
    const float frac = front / (front - back);
 
    VectorInterpolation(start, end, frac, mid);
 
    r = TR_TestLineDist_r(tile, tnode->children[side], start, mid, tr_end);
    if (r)
        return r;
    return TR_TestLineDist_r(tile, tnode->children[!side], mid, end, tr_end);
}

static bool TR_TileTestLineDM (TR_TILE_TYPE* tile, const vec3_t start, const vec3_t end, vec3_t hit, const int levelmask)
{
#ifdef COMPILE_MAP
    const int corelevels = (levelmask & TL_FLAG_REGULAR_LEVELS);
#endif
 
    VectorCopy(end, hit);
 
    for (int i = 0; i < tile->numtheads; i++) {
#ifdef COMPILE_MAP
        const int level = tile->theadlevel[i];
        if (level && corelevels && !(level & levelmask))
            continue;
/*      if (level == LEVEL_LIGHTCLIP)
            continue;*/
        if (level == LEVEL_ACTORCLIP && !(levelmask & TL_FLAG_ACTORCLIP))
            continue;
        if (level == LEVEL_WEAPONCLIP && !(levelmask & TL_FLAG_WEAPONCLIP))
            continue;
#endif
        vec3_t tr_end;
        if (TR_TestLineDist_r(tile, tile->thead[i], start, end, tr_end))
            if (VectorNearer(tr_end, hit, start))
                VectorCopy(tr_end, hit);
    }
 
    if (VectorCompareEps(hit, end, EQUAL_EPSILON))
        return false;
    else
        return true;
}
 

bool TR_TestLineDM (mapTiles_t* mapTiles, const vec3_t start, const vec3_t end, vec3_t hit, const int levelmask)
{
    vec3_t t_end;
 
    VectorCopy(end, hit);
    VectorCopy(end, t_end);
 
    for (int tile = 0; tile < mapTiles->numTiles; tile++) {
        if (TR_TileTestLineDM(&mapTiles->mapTiles[tile], start, end, t_end, levelmask)) {
            if (VectorNearer(t_end, hit, start))
                VectorCopy(t_end, hit);
        }
    }
 
    if (VectorCompareEps(hit, end, EQUAL_EPSILON))
        return false;
    else
        return true;
}
 
void mapTiles_s::getTilesAt (int x ,int y, byte& fromTile1, byte& fromTile2, byte& fromTile3)
{
#if defined(COMPILE_UFO)
    for (int i = 0; i < numTiles; i++) {
        if ( mapTiles[i].wpMins[0] > x
          || mapTiles[i].wpMaxs[0] - 1 < x  /* the -1 is a temporary fix for wpMaxs being off by 1 */
          || mapTiles[i].wpMins[1] > y
          || mapTiles[i].wpMaxs[1] - 1 < y)
            continue;
        /* this tile exists at x/y, so store it */
        if (!fromTile1)
            fromTile1 = mapTiles[i].idx + 1;    /* tile number, not index */
        else if (!fromTile2)
            fromTile2 = mapTiles[i].idx + 1;    /* tile number, not index */
        else
            fromTile3 = 99;                             /* stacking of more than two tiles is not supported */
    }
#endif
}
 
void mapTiles_s::getTileOverlap (const byte tile1, const byte tile2, int& minZ, int& maxZ)
{
#if defined(COMPILE_UFO)
    const int lowZ1 = mapTiles[tile1 - 1].wpMins[2];
    const int lowZ2 = mapTiles[tile2 - 1].wpMins[2];
    const int highZ1 = mapTiles[tile1 - 1].wpMaxs[2];
    const int highZ2 = mapTiles[tile2 - 1].wpMaxs[2];
    minZ = std::max(lowZ1, lowZ2);
    if (minZ > 0)
        minZ--;         /* routing needs to start one level below the actual overlap */
    maxZ = std::min(highZ1, highZ2);
    maxZ++;             /* ... and one level above */
#endif
}
 
void mapTiles_s::printTilesAt (int x ,int y)
{
#if defined(COMPILE_UFO)
    byte fromTile1 = 0;     /* tile number, not index */
    byte fromTile2 = 0;
    byte fromTile3 = 0;
    getTilesAt(x ,y, fromTile1, fromTile2, fromTile3);
    if (fromTile1) {
        const MapTile& tile = mapTiles[fromTile1 - 1];
        Com_Printf("Tilenames: %s (%i %i) (%i %i)", tile.name, tile.wpMins[0], tile.wpMins[1], tile.wpMaxs[0], tile.wpMaxs[1]);
    }
    if (fromTile2)
        Com_Printf(", %s", mapTiles[fromTile2 - 1].name);
    if (fromTile3)
        Com_Printf(", %s", mapTiles[fromTile3 - 1].name);
    Com_Printf("\n");
#endif
}
 
/*
===============================================================================
BOX TRACING
===============================================================================
*/
 

int TR_BoxOnPlaneSide (const vec3_t mins, const vec3_t maxs, const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane)
{
    /* axial planes are easy */
    if (AXIAL(plane)) {
        int side = 0;
        if (maxs[plane->type] > plane->dist + PLANESIDE_EPSILON)
            side |= PSIDE_FRONT;
        if (mins[plane->type] < plane->dist - PLANESIDE_EPSILON)
            side |= PSIDE_BACK;
        return side;
    }
 
    /* create the proper leading and trailing verts for the box */
 
    vec3_t corners[2];
    for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        if (plane->normal[i] < 0) {
            corners[0][i] = mins[i];
            corners[1][i] = maxs[i];
        } else {
            corners[1][i] = mins[i];
            corners[0][i] = maxs[i];
        }
    }
 
    vec_t dist1 = DotProduct(plane->normal, corners[0]) - plane->dist;
    vec_t dist2 = DotProduct(plane->normal, corners[1]) - plane->dist;
    int side = 0;
    if (dist1 >= PLANESIDE_EPSILON)
        side = PSIDE_FRONT;
    if (dist2 < PLANESIDE_EPSILON)
        side |= PSIDE_BACK;
 
    return side;
}
 
typedef struct leaf_check_s {
    int leaf_count, leaf_maxcount;
    int32_t* leaf_list;
    int32_t leaf_topnode;
} leaf_check_t;

static void TR_BoxLeafnums_r (boxtrace_t* traceData, int32_t nodenum, leaf_check_t* lc)
{
    const TR_TILE_TYPE* myTile = traceData->tile;
 
    while (1) {
        if (nodenum <= LEAFNODE) {
            if (lc->leaf_count >= lc->leaf_maxcount) {
/*              Com_Printf("CM_BoxLeafnums_r: overflow\n"); */
                return;
            }
            lc->leaf_list[lc->leaf_count++] = -1 - nodenum;
            return;
        }
 
        assert(nodenum < myTile->numnodes + 6); /* +6 => bbox */
        const TR_NODE_TYPE* node = &myTile->nodes[nodenum];
 
#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
        const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = node->plane;
#else
        const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = myTile->planes + node->planenum;
#endif
 
        const int s = TR_BoxOnPlaneSide(traceData->absmins, traceData->absmaxs, plane);
        if (s == PSIDE_FRONT)
            nodenum = node->children[0];
        else if (s == PSIDE_BACK)
            nodenum = node->children[1];
        else {                  /* go down both */
            if (lc->leaf_topnode == LEAFNODE)
                lc->leaf_topnode = nodenum;
            TR_BoxLeafnums_r(traceData, node->children[0], lc);
            nodenum = node->children[1];
        }
    }
}

static int TR_BoxLeafnums_headnode (boxtrace_t* traceData, int32_t* list, int listsize, int32_t headnode)
{
    leaf_check_t lc;
    lc.leaf_list = list;
    lc.leaf_count = 0;
    lc.leaf_maxcount = listsize;
    lc.leaf_topnode = LEAFNODE;
 
    assert(headnode < traceData->tile->numnodes + 6); /* +6 => bbox */
    TR_BoxLeafnums_r(traceData, headnode, &lc);
 
    return lc.leaf_count;
}
 

static void TR_ClipBoxToBrush (boxtrace_t* traceData, cBspBrush_t* brush, TR_LEAF_TYPE* leaf)
{
    if (!brush || !brush->numsides)
        return;
 
#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
    const TR_BRUSHSIDE_TYPE* leadside = nullptr;
#endif
    const TR_TILE_TYPE* myTile = traceData->tile;
 
    float enterfrac = -1.0;
    float leavefrac = 1.0;
    bool getout = false;
    bool startout = false;
 
    const TR_PLANE_TYPE* clipplane = nullptr;
    int clipplanenum = 0;
 
    float dist;
    vec3_t ofs;
    for (int i = 0; i < brush->numsides; i++) {
        const TR_BRUSHSIDE_TYPE* side = &myTile->brushsides[brush->firstbrushside + i];
#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
        const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = side->plane;
#else
        const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = myTile->planes + side->planenum;
#endif

        if (!traceData->ispoint) {  /* general box case */
            /* push the plane out appropriately for mins/maxs */
            for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
                if (plane->normal[j] < 0)
                    ofs[j] = traceData->maxs[j];
                else
                    ofs[j] = traceData->mins[j];
            }
            dist = DotProduct(ofs, plane->normal);
            dist = plane->dist - dist;
        } else {                /* special point case */
            dist = plane->dist;
        }
 
        const float d1 = DotProduct(traceData->start, plane->normal) - dist;
        const float d2 = DotProduct(traceData->end, plane->normal) - dist;
 
        if (d2 > 0)
            getout = true;      /* endpoint is not in solid */
        if (d1 > 0)
            startout = true;    /* startpoint is not in solid */
 
        /* if completely in front of face, no intersection */
        if (d1 > 0 && d2 >= d1)
            return;
 
        if (d1 <= 0 && d2 <= 0)
            continue;
 
        /* crosses face */
        if (d1 > d2) {          /* enter */
            const float f = (d1 - DIST_EPSILON) / (d1 - d2);
            if (f > enterfrac) {
                enterfrac = f;
                clipplane = plane;
#ifdef COMPILE_MAP
                clipplanenum = side->planenum;
#else
                leadside = side;
#endif
            }
        } else {                /* leave */
            const float f = (d1 + DIST_EPSILON) / (d1 - d2);
            if (f < leavefrac)
                leavefrac = f;
        }
    }
 
    if (!startout) {            /* original point was inside brush */
        traceData->trace.startsolid = true;
        if (!getout)
            traceData->trace.allsolid = true;
        traceData->trace.leafnum = leaf - myTile->leafs;
        return;
    }
    if (enterfrac < leavefrac) {
        if (enterfrac > -1 && enterfrac < traceData->trace.fraction) {
            if (enterfrac < 0)
                enterfrac = 0;
            traceData->trace.fraction = enterfrac;
            traceData->trace.plane = *clipplane;
            traceData->trace.planenum = clipplanenum;
#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
            traceData->trace.surface = leadside->surface;
#endif
            traceData->trace.contentFlags = brush->brushContentFlags;
            traceData->trace.leafnum = leaf - myTile->leafs;
        }
    }
}

static void TR_TestBoxInBrush (boxtrace_t* traceData, cBspBrush_t* brush)
{
    vec3_t ofs;
    const TR_TILE_TYPE* myTile = traceData->tile;
 
    if (!brush || !brush->numsides)
        return;
 
    for (int i = 0; i < brush->numsides; i++) {
        const TR_BRUSHSIDE_TYPE* side = &myTile->brushsides[brush->firstbrushside + i];
#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
        const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = side->plane;
#else
        const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = myTile->planes + side->planenum;
#endif

        /* general box case */
        /* push the plane out appropriately for mins/maxs */
        for (int j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
            if (plane->normal[j] < 0)
                ofs[j] = traceData->maxs[j];
            else
                ofs[j] = traceData->mins[j];
        }
        const float dist = plane->dist - DotProduct(ofs, plane->normal);
 
        float d1 = DotProduct(traceData->start, plane->normal) - dist;
 
        /* if completely in front of face, no intersection */
        if (d1 > 0)
            return;
    }
 
    /* inside this brush */
    traceData->trace.startsolid = traceData->trace.allsolid = true;
    traceData->trace.fraction = 0;
    traceData->trace.contentFlags = brush->brushContentFlags;
}
 

static void TR_TraceToLeaf (boxtrace_t* traceData, int32_t leafnum)
{
    TR_TILE_TYPE* myTile = traceData->tile;
 
    assert(leafnum > LEAFNODE);
    assert(leafnum <= myTile->numleafs);
 
    TR_LEAF_TYPE* leaf = &myTile->leafs[leafnum];
 
    if (traceData->contents != MASK_ALL && (!(leaf->contentFlags & traceData->contents) || (leaf->contentFlags & traceData->rejects)))
        return;
 
    /* trace line against all brushes in the leaf */
    for (int k = 0; k < leaf->numleafbrushes; k++) {
        const int brushnum = myTile->leafbrushes[leaf->firstleafbrush + k];
        cBspBrush_t* b = &myTile->brushes[brushnum];
 
        if (b->checkcount == checkcount)
            continue;           /* already checked this brush in another leaf */
        b->checkcount = checkcount;
 
        if (traceData->contents != MASK_ALL && (!(b->brushContentFlags & traceData->contents) || (b->brushContentFlags & traceData->rejects)))
            continue;
 
        TR_ClipBoxToBrush(traceData, b, leaf);
        if (!traceData->trace.fraction)
            return;
    }
}
 

static void TR_TestInLeaf (boxtrace_t* traceData, int32_t leafnum)
{
    TR_TILE_TYPE* myTile = traceData->tile;
 
    assert(leafnum > LEAFNODE);
    assert(leafnum <= myTile->numleafs);
 
    const TR_LEAF_TYPE* leaf = &myTile->leafs[leafnum];
    /* If this leaf contains no flags we need to look for, then skip it. */
    if (!(leaf->contentFlags & traceData->contents)) /* || (leaf->contentFlags & traceData->rejects) */
        return;
 
    /* trace line against all brushes in the leaf */
    for (int k = 0; k < leaf->numleafbrushes; k++) {
        const int brushnum = myTile->leafbrushes[leaf->firstleafbrush + k];
        cBspBrush_t* b = &myTile->brushes[brushnum];
        if (b->checkcount == checkcount)
            continue;           /* already checked this brush in another leaf */
        b->checkcount = checkcount;
 
        if (!(traceData->contents && (b->brushContentFlags & traceData->contents)) || (b->brushContentFlags & traceData->rejects))
            continue;
        TR_TestBoxInBrush(traceData, b);
        if (!traceData->trace.fraction)
            return;
    }
}
 

static void TR_RecursiveHullCheck (boxtrace_t* traceData, int32_t nodenum, float p1f, float p2f, const vec3_t p1, const vec3_t p2)
{
    if (traceData->trace.fraction <= p1f)
        return;                 /* already hit something nearer */
 
    /* if < 0, we are in a leaf node */
    if (nodenum <= LEAFNODE) {
        TR_TraceToLeaf(traceData, LEAFNODE - nodenum);
        return;
    }
 
    assert(nodenum < MAX_MAP_NODES);
 
    /* find the point distances to the seperating plane
     * and the offset for the size of the box */
    const TR_TILE_TYPE* myTile = traceData->tile;
    const TR_NODE_TYPE* node = myTile->nodes + nodenum;
 
#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
    const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = node->plane;
#else
    assert(node->planenum < MAX_MAP_PLANES);
    const TR_PLANE_TYPE* plane = myTile->planes + node->planenum;
#endif
 
    float t1, t2, offset;
    if (AXIAL(plane)) {
        const int type = plane->type;
        t1 = p1[type] - plane->dist;
        t2 = p2[type] - plane->dist;
        offset = traceData->extents[type];
    } else {
        t1 = DotProduct(plane->normal, p1) - plane->dist;
        t2 = DotProduct(plane->normal, p2) - plane->dist;
        if (traceData->ispoint)
            offset = 0;
        else
            offset = fabs(traceData->extents[0] * plane->normal[0])
                + fabs(traceData->extents[1] * plane->normal[1])
                + fabs(traceData->extents[2] * plane->normal[2]);
    }
 
    /* see which sides we need to consider */
    if (t1 >= offset && t2 >= offset) {
        TR_RecursiveHullCheck(traceData, node->children[0], p1f, p2f, p1, p2);
        return;
    } else if (t1 < -offset && t2 < -offset) {
        TR_RecursiveHullCheck(traceData, node->children[1], p1f, p2f, p1, p2);
        return;
    }
 
    /* put the crosspoint DIST_EPSILON pixels on the near side */
    float frac, frac2;
    int side;
    if (t1 < t2) {
        const float idist = 1.0 / (t1 - t2);
        side = 1;
        frac2 = (t1 + offset + DIST_EPSILON) * idist;
        frac = (t1 - offset + DIST_EPSILON) * idist;
    } else if (t1 > t2) {
        const float idist = 1.0 / (t1 - t2);
        side = 0;
        frac2 = (t1 - offset - DIST_EPSILON) * idist;
        frac = (t1 + offset + DIST_EPSILON) * idist;
    } else {
        side = 0;
        frac = 1;
        frac2 = 0;
    }
 
    /* move up to the node */
    if (frac < 0)
        frac = 0;
    else if (frac > 1)
        frac = 1;
 
    float midf = p1f + (p2f - p1f) * frac;
    vec3_t mid;
    VectorInterpolation(p1, p2, frac, mid);
    TR_RecursiveHullCheck(traceData, node->children[side], p1f, midf, p1, mid);
 
    /* go past the node */
    if (frac2 < 0)
        frac2 = 0;
    else if (frac2 > 1)
        frac2 = 1;
 
    midf = p1f + (p2f - p1f) * frac2;
    VectorInterpolation(p1, p2, frac2, mid);
    TR_RecursiveHullCheck(traceData, node->children[side ^ 1], midf, p2f, mid, p2);
}

trace_t TR_BoxTrace (boxtrace_t& traceData, const Line& traceLine, const AABB& traceBox, const int headnode, const float fraction)
{
    checkcount++;   /* for multi-check avoidance */
 
#ifdef COMPILE_UFO
    if (headnode >= traceData.tile->numnodes + 6)
        Com_Error(ERR_DROP, "headnode (%i) is out of bounds: %i", headnode, traceData.tile->numnodes + 6);
#else
    assert(headnode < traceData.tile->numnodes + 6); /* +6 => bbox */
#endif
 
    if (!traceData.tile->numnodes)      /* map not loaded */
        return traceData.trace;
 
    /* check for position test special case */
    if (VectorEqual(traceData.start, traceData.end)) {
        int32_t leafs[MAX_LEAFS];
 
        VectorAdd(traceData.start, traceData.maxs, traceData.absmaxs);
        VectorAdd(traceData.start, traceData.mins, traceData.absmins);
 
        const int numleafs = TR_BoxLeafnums_headnode(&traceData, leafs, MAX_LEAFS, headnode);
        for (int i = 0; i < numleafs; i++) {
            TR_TestInLeaf(&traceData, leafs[i]);
            if (traceData.trace.allsolid)
                break;
        }
        VectorCopy(traceLine.start, traceData.trace.endpos);
        return traceData.trace;
    }
 
    /* check for point special case */
    if (VectorEmpty(traceData.mins) && VectorEmpty(traceData.maxs)) {
        traceData.ispoint = true;
        VectorClear(traceData.extents);
    } else {
        traceData.ispoint = false;
        VectorCopy(traceData.maxs, traceData.extents);
    }
 
    /* general sweeping through world */
    TR_RecursiveHullCheck(&traceData, headnode, 0.0f, 1.0f, traceData.start, traceData.end);
 
    if (traceData.trace.fraction >= 1.0f) {
        VectorCopy(traceData.end, traceData.trace.endpos);
    } else {
        VectorInterpolation(traceData.start, traceData.end, traceData.trace.fraction, traceData.trace.endpos);
    }
    /* Now un-offset the end position. */
    VectorSubtract(traceData.trace.endpos, traceData.offset, traceData.trace.endpos);
    return traceData.trace;
}

trace_t TR_TileBoxTrace (TR_TILE_TYPE* myTile, const Line& traceLine, const AABB& aabb, const int levelmask, const int brushmask, const int brushreject)
{
    int i;
    cBspHead_t* h;
    trace_t tr;
 
    /* ensure that the first trace is set in every case */
    tr.fraction = 2.0f;
 
    boxtrace_t traceData;
    traceData.init(myTile, brushmask, brushreject, tr.fraction);
    traceData.setLineAndBox(traceLine, aabb);
    /* trace against all loaded map tiles */
    for (i = 0, h = myTile->cheads; i < myTile->numcheads; i++, h++) {
        /* This code uses levelmask to limit by maplevel.  Supposedly maplevels 1-255
         * are bitmasks of game levels 1-8.  0 is a special case repeat of 255.
         * However a levelmask including 0x100 is usually included so the CLIP levels are
         * examined. */
        if (h->level && h->level <= LEVEL_LASTVISIBLE && levelmask && !(h->level & levelmask))
            continue;
 
        assert(h->cnode < myTile->numnodes + 6); /* +6 => bbox */
        const trace_t newtr = TR_BoxTrace(traceData, traceLine, aabb, h->cnode, tr.fraction);
 
        /* memorize the trace with the minimal fraction */
        if (newtr.fraction == 0.0)
            return newtr;
        if (newtr.fraction < tr.fraction)
            tr = newtr;
    }
    return tr;
}
 
#ifdef COMPILE_MAP

trace_t TR_SingleTileBoxTrace (mapTiles_t* mapTiles, const Line& traceLine, const AABB* traceBox, const int levelmask, const int brushmask, const int brushreject)
{
    /* Trace the whole line against the first tile. */
    trace_t tr = TR_TileBoxTrace(&mapTiles->mapTiles[0], traceLine, *traceBox, levelmask, brushmask, brushreject);
    tr.mapTile = 0;
    return tr;
}
#endif